Diagnosing ADHD in the UK
GPs in England, Scotland and Wales are unable to diagnose ADHD however they can recommend you to an NHS specialist to conduct an assessment. This is called a 'right to choose referral.
A thorough ADHD evaluation can take between 45 and 90 minutes. The psychiatrist may ask you to complete questionnaires and supply evidence such as old school reports.
The Assessment
Getting a diagnosis of ADHD is the first step to managing it effectively. People aren't sure how to manage their symptoms or improve their functioning in the workplace, school and in relationships without the aid of a diagnosis. People with ADHD exhibit impulsiveness and hyperactivity regularly. While everyone exhibits these behaviors at times, they are not always consistent. They are disorganised and have difficulty making plans. They often delay and struggle to meet deadlines despite their best intentions. They may be physically fidgety, unable sit still, and find it easy to become distracted even when they are engaged in an enjoyable activity. They may also struggle with their memory, avoiding appointments or other important events.
Adults are more difficult to identify than children. The diagnostic criteria used in the DSM-V - the mental health manual used by doctors all over the world - are geared towards diagnosing children. However, it is more difficult to determine ADHD symptoms in adults. The process of assessment is based on a series of sessions with the specialist.
The clinician will ask about the person's behavior over their life taking into consideration their symptoms and the way they have impacted their lives. If they are deemed appropriate and have their consent the interview, they may also ask family members or close relatives of the patient. This method is especially useful when evaluating an adult for ADHD because it allows to distinguish the disorder from other medical conditions, such as emotional problems, sleep disorders or autism spectrum disorders, as well as mood swings.
To ensure that the assessment to be accurate, the person being assessed must be open and honest in their answers. They should be prepared to answer numerous questions and expect that the interview will take up most of the time. Bring any paperwork or information that could be relevant to your assessment, such as an allergy history, medical history and other ailments. They should also be aware that the doctor may need to use a broad range of tests and questionnaires to reach an informed decision regarding the symptoms.
Medication
For children and adults who are struggling with their ADHD symptoms, medication may help ease their struggles. This usually happens after an assessment by a specialist, like a psychiatrist or a paediatrician. The doctor will discuss with you the best treatments options once an assessment has been completed. This could include medication, therapy or an amalgamation of both.
A psychiatrist will search for clusters of symptoms, as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to arrive at an ADHD diagnosis. They will also examine the impact that the symptoms have on your life. Included in this is the effect of symptoms on your relationships, school, and other activities at home. They also take into account the fact that symptoms have been present in childhood.
Treatments for ADHD are usually stimulants, such as dexamphetamine and methylphenidate (Ritalin) and they work by increasing the amount of neurotransmitters within the brain. Based on the symptoms you are experiencing, your doctor may start you off with the lowest dose and then slowly increase it. They will also closely examine you for any adverse effects.
If you've had a history of other mental health issues, it's important to tell your GP. This will allow them to determine whether your ADHD symptoms are linked to these conditions.
People with ADHD are more likely to be suffering from comorbid illnesses like anxiety or depression. They are also more likely to experience'meltdowns' which occur when they are overwhelmed with emotions. They may cry, shout and dance around all at once. It's similar to a child throwing a tantrum.
Certain people with ADHD may experience nosebleeds, stomachaches and headaches. Therefore, it is important to check for medical conditions like sleep apnea, problems with vision and hearing thyroid problems, as well as lead poisoning during your assessment. It's also important to note that some foods and drinks can trigger symptoms similar to ADHD. It is recommended to avoid caffeine, sugary and processed foods and artificial flavors and colours. In the course of an assessment, your psychiatrist will be able to provide advice on the best approach to managing your ADHD symptoms.
Shared Management
Many people suffering from ADHD experience difficulties with work and relationships as a result of untreated symptoms. These problems can have a direct impact on their physical and mental health. For this reason, it is crucial that they receive the appropriate treatment and guidance by a healthcare professional who has the experience and training in the treatment of ADHD.
The NHS provides a variety of services to children and young people suffering from ADHD that includes assessment, medication and support. This service is provided by healthcare professionals who have received specialist training in ADHD management including Clinical Psychologists and Psychiatrists. The evaluation of children and young people suffering from ADHD may include taking a thorough developmental and psychosocial history; observation; the use of standardised questionnaires and psychological tests. It may also involve consultation with parents and family members.
In the UK those seeking help with ADHD frequently encounter a variety of gatekeepers who may facilitate or hinder access to diagnosis and assistance. The attitudes and knowledge of these gatekeepers, as well as the availability of services will impact the ease with the child or teenager with ADHD can navigate the system.
One of the major issues raised by attendees was the fact that certain CAMHS services have lengthy waiting times and high rejection rates for adolescents and young people suffering from ADHD. It is possible that when people do finally get seen they will receive interventions which are not customized to their particular needs. Charity representatives reported anecdotal examples of teenagers who suffer from severe comorbidities (such as self-harming behaviors and eating disorders) being refused access to treatment for these disorders because they were symptoms of ADHD instead of a sign of mental distress and the need for immediate intervention.
The ability of GPs to treat ADHD is limited. They are responsible for diagnosing the condition, and refer patients to specialists if required. Depending on their skills and experience, the GP might suggest treatment with behavioural therapy or cognitive therapy (CBT) to help manage ADHD symptoms. They may also suggest the person seek private help by a psychologist who is specialized in this particular area of mental illness.
Support
In the UK, GPs can assess whether ADHD is likely and refer patients to specialists for further evaluation. This will involve a thorough medical history, as well as the examination for any other health issues such as depression or anxiety. It is important to consider other factors like food allergies that may be making symptoms worse.
When a diagnosis is made, medication may be prescribed to ease symptoms. This can be achieved by taking pills or attending a talk therapy session. In some instances, dietary adjustments can help to manage the symptoms. People who live with ADHD often find it difficult to get the right support. It's important to find a service that you trust and will take the time to get to know your requirements. Joining adhd diagnosis uk adults for people with ADHD or seeking help and support from family members and friends is a great idea. They'll be able talk about their experiences and come up with strategies together.
Adults with ADHD might experience difficulties with receiving the right diagnosis or treatment due to the fact that some healthcare professionals have preconceived ideas about what a person suffering from ADHD 'looks like'. This could make it more difficult for those from minority groups, like people of color or assigned female at birth, to receive an assessment.
Adults may seek private ADHD assessments to avoid delays and obstructions in NHS services, and to get a diagnosis they may use when seeking specialist assistance. Health professionals and GPs might be concerned about the legitimacy of treatment based on privately formulated diagnoses.
To help reduce the severity of these issues, it is possible to offer training to primary care practitioners in order to improve their understanding about ADHD and its consequences on adults. It is also important to provide clear pathways for those who would like to receive help and treatment.
When their symptoms are controlled individuals with ADHD are able to enjoy a good quality of life. They are more productive and are more likely than their peers without ADHD to be successful in school and in the workplace. It's essential to discuss how you're managing your ADHD with your friends, family and teachers.